Search results

International audience ; Peatlands are environments that provide many essential ecological and heritage functions. The Bitche military camp (Moselle, France), although active for more than a century, has allowed the maintenance of wetlands that are now classified as Natura 2000 sites. Through the study of two peat sequences collected inside the camp, the main objectives of this study were to identify the current and past anthropic (particularly military) impact on the peatlands and to reconstruct the vegetation history. Radiocarbon dating and palynological analysis enabled the environmental changes affecting the landscape since the Neolithic period to be highlighted. Throughout this period, the area is characterised by a dominant forest environment with the persistence of pine. The modern period is marked by phases of opening up due to the establishment of agro-pastoral activities. Although contemporary anthropisation is poorly identified in the pollen records, geochemical analyses have revealed a significant accumulation of metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) in the surface horizons, probably linked to military activity. Weaker marking at depth could also reflect an older source of contamination. Despite these high metal contents, their mobility seems relatively limited due to their strong affinity with the organic matter of the peat horizons. ; Les tourbières sont des milieux qui assurent de nombreuses fonctions écologiques et patrimoniales essentielles. Le camp militaire de Bitche (Moselle, France), bien qu'actif depuis plus d'un siècle, a permis l'entretien de zones humides aujourd'hui classées sites Natura 2000. A travers l'étude de deux séquences tourbeuses prélevées à l'intérieur du camp, les principaux objectifs de cette étude étaient d'identifier l'empreinte anthropique (notamment militaire) actuelle et passée sur les tourbières et de reconstituer l'histoire de l'environnement végétal. Les datations radiocarbone et l'analyse palynologique ont permis de mettre en évidence les changements environnementaux affectant ...

International audience ; Peatlands are environments that provide many essential ecological and heritage functions. The Bitche military camp (Moselle, France), although active for more than a century, has allowed the maintenance of wetlands that are now classified as Natura 2000 sites. Through the study of two peat sequences collected inside the camp, the main objectives of this study were to identify the current and past anthropic (particularly military) impact on the peatlands and to reconstruct the vegetation history. Radiocarbon dating and palynological analysis enabled the environmental changes affecting the landscape since the Neolithic period to be highlighted. Throughout this period, the area is characterised by a dominant forest environment with the persistence of pine. The modern period is marked by phases of opening up due to the establishment of agro-pastoral activities. Although contemporary anthropisation is poorly identified in the pollen records, geochemical analyses have revealed a significant accumulation of metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) in the surface horizons, probably linked to military activity. Weaker marking at depth could also reflect an older source of contamination. Despite these high metal contents, their mobility seems relatively limited due to their strong affinity with the organic matter of the peat horizons. ; Les tourbières sont des milieux qui assurent de nombreuses fonctions écologiques et patrimoniales essentielles. Le camp militaire de Bitche (Moselle, France), bien qu'actif depuis plus d'un siècle, a permis l'entretien de zones humides aujourd'hui classées sites Natura 2000. A travers l'étude de deux séquences tourbeuses prélevées à l'intérieur du camp, les principaux objectifs de cette étude étaient d'identifier l'empreinte anthropique (notamment militaire) actuelle et passée sur les tourbières et de reconstituer l'histoire de l'environnement végétal. Les datations radiocarbone et l'analyse palynologique ont permis de mettre en évidence les changements environnementaux affectant ...

International audience ; Peatlands are environments that provide many essential ecological and heritage functions. The Bitche military camp (Moselle, France), although active for more than a century, has allowed the maintenance of wetlands that are now classified as Natura 2000 sites. Through the study of two peat sequences collected inside the camp, the main objectives of this study were to identify the current and past anthropic (particularly military) impact on the peatlands and to reconstruct the vegetation history. Radiocarbon dating and palynological analysis enabled the environmental changes affecting the landscape since the Neolithic period to be highlighted. Throughout this period, the area is characterised by a dominant forest environment with the persistence of pine. The modern period is marked by phases of opening up due to the establishment of agro-pastoral activities. Although contemporary anthropisation is poorly identified in the pollen records, geochemical analyses have revealed a significant accumulation of metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) in the surface horizons, probably linked to military activity. Weaker marking at depth could also reflect an older source of contamination. Despite these high metal contents, their mobility seems relatively limited due to their strong affinity with the organic matter of the peat horizons. ; Les tourbières sont des milieux qui assurent de nombreuses fonctions écologiques et patrimoniales essentielles. Le camp militaire de Bitche (Moselle, France), bien qu'actif depuis plus d'un siècle, a permis l'entretien de zones humides aujourd'hui classées sites Natura 2000. A travers l'étude de deux séquences tourbeuses prélevées à l'intérieur du camp, les principaux objectifs de cette étude étaient d'identifier l'empreinte anthropique (notamment militaire) actuelle et passée sur les tourbières et de reconstituer l'histoire de l'environnement végétal. Les datations radiocarbone et l'analyse palynologique ont permis de mettre en évidence les changements environnementaux affectant ...

International audience ; Peatlands are environments that provide many essential ecological and heritage functions. The Bitche military camp (Moselle, France), although active for more than a century, has allowed the maintenance of wetlands that are now classified as Natura 2000 sites. Through the study of two peat sequences collected inside the camp, the main objectives of this study were to identify the current and past anthropic (particularly military) impact on the peatlands and to reconstruct the vegetation history. Radiocarbon dating and palynological analysis enabled the environmental changes affecting the landscape since the Neolithic period to be highlighted. Throughout this period, the area is characterised by a dominant forest environment with the persistence of pine. The modern period is marked by phases of opening up due to the establishment of agro-pastoral activities. Although contemporary anthropisation is poorly identified in the pollen records, geochemical analyses have revealed a significant accumulation of metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) in the surface horizons, probably linked to military activity. Weaker marking at depth could also reflect an older source of contamination. Despite these high metal contents, their mobility seems relatively limited due to their strong affinity with the organic matter of the peat horizons. ; Les tourbières sont des milieux qui assurent de nombreuses fonctions écologiques et patrimoniales essentielles. Le camp militaire de Bitche (Moselle, France), bien qu'actif depuis plus d'un siècle, a permis l'entretien de zones humides aujourd'hui classées sites Natura 2000. A travers l'étude de deux séquences tourbeuses prélevées à l'intérieur du camp, les principaux objectifs de cette étude étaient d'identifier l'empreinte anthropique (notamment militaire) actuelle et passée sur les tourbières et de reconstituer l'histoire de l'environnement végétal. Les datations radiocarbone et l'analyse palynologique ont permis de mettre en évidence les changements environnementaux affectant ...

International audience ; Peatlands are environments that provide many essential ecological and heritage functions. The Bitche military camp (Moselle, France), although active for more than a century, has allowed the maintenance of wetlands that are now classified as Natura 2000 sites. Through the study of two peat sequences collected inside the camp, the main objectives of this study were to identify the current and past anthropic (particularly military) impact on the peatlands and to reconstruct the vegetation history. Radiocarbon dating and palynological analysis enabled the environmental changes affecting the landscape since the Neolithic period to be highlighted. Throughout this period, the area is characterised by a dominant forest environment with the persistence of pine. The modern period is marked by phases of opening up due to the establishment of agro-pastoral activities. Although contemporary anthropisation is poorly identified in the pollen records, geochemical analyses have revealed a significant accumulation of metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) in the surface horizons, probably linked to military activity. Weaker marking at depth could also reflect an older source of contamination. Despite these high metal contents, their mobility seems relatively limited due to their strong affinity with the organic matter of the peat horizons. ; Les tourbières sont des milieux qui assurent de nombreuses fonctions écologiques et patrimoniales essentielles. Le camp militaire de Bitche (Moselle, France), bien qu'actif depuis plus d'un siècle, a permis l'entretien de zones humides aujourd'hui classées sites Natura 2000. A travers l'étude de deux séquences tourbeuses prélevées à l'intérieur du camp, les principaux objectifs de cette étude étaient d'identifier l'empreinte anthropique (notamment militaire) actuelle et passée sur les tourbières et de reconstituer l'histoire de l'environnement végétal. Les datations radiocarbone et l'analyse palynologique ont permis de mettre en évidence les changements environnementaux affectant ...

International audience ; Peatlands are environments that provide many essential ecological and heritage functions. The Bitche military camp (Moselle, France), although active for more than a century, has allowed the maintenance of wetlands that are now classified as Natura 2000 sites. Through the study of two peat sequences collected inside the camp, the main objectives of this study were to identify the current and past anthropic (particularly military) impact on the peatlands and to reconstruct the vegetation history. Radiocarbon dating and palynological analysis enabled the environmental changes affecting the landscape since the Neolithic period to be highlighted. Throughout this period, the area is characterised by a dominant forest environment with the persistence of pine. The modern period is marked by phases of opening up due to the establishment of agro-pastoral activities. Although contemporary anthropisation is poorly identified in the pollen records, geochemical analyses have revealed a significant accumulation of metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) in the surface horizons, probably linked to military activity. Weaker marking at depth could also reflect an older source of contamination. Despite these high metal contents, their mobility seems relatively limited due to their strong affinity with the organic matter of the peat horizons. ; Les tourbières sont des milieux qui assurent de nombreuses fonctions écologiques et patrimoniales essentielles. Le camp militaire de Bitche (Moselle, France), bien qu'actif depuis plus d'un siècle, a permis l'entretien de zones humides aujourd'hui classées sites Natura 2000. A travers l'étude de deux séquences tourbeuses prélevées à l'intérieur du camp, les principaux objectifs de cette étude étaient d'identifier l'empreinte anthropique (notamment militaire) actuelle et passée sur les tourbières et de reconstituer l'histoire de l'environnement végétal. Les datations radiocarbone et l'analyse palynologique ont permis de mettre en évidence les changements environnementaux affectant ...

Un suivi de loups (Canis lupus) a été réalisé entre 2011 et 2015 dans le sud-est de la France au sein d'un Camp militaire de Canjuers (34 500 ha) situé sur des plateaux steppiques méditerranéens. Cette étude a permis de tester huit modèles différents de pièges-photographiques grâce à la pose de 16 pièges-photographiques en moyenne par an (min. 4 en 2011 et max. 26 en 2015). Plus de 1000 passages de loups et 3600 photos de loups ont été collectés durant ce suivi, ce qui a permis d'améliorer les connaissances sur la biologie et le comportement des loups en zone méditerranéenne française. Cette étude montre qu'un suivi individualisé (type CMR pour Capture-Marquage-Recapture) par enregistrement photographique n'est possible que si l'animal présente une marque distinctive (maladie, blessure ou organe sectionné). L'analyse de la taille des groupes de loups en déplacement a montré, sur les deux meutes étudiées, que les loups se déplacent principalement seuls ou par deux. Enfin, le très grand nombre de passages de loups enregistrés a permis de réaliser un graphique montrant le rythme d'activité de déplacement des loups, heure par heure, sur un cycle annuel complet, en fonction des heures de lever et de coucher du soleil.Les résultats suggèrent que l'utilisation de pièges-photographique est une technique fiable pour le suivi des populations de loups, au moins dans la zone prospectée, sans enneigement. Elle vient en complément des autres méthodes de suivis. Leur utilisation permet aux biologistes et gestionnaires d'obtenir rapidement un état de la population lupine (individus isolés ou en meutes) sur un territoire précis. ; A monitoring of wolves (Canis lupus) was carried out between 2011 and 2015 in south-eastern France in a 34,500 ha military estate localized in a Mediterranean steppic plateau. This study tested eight different camera trap models by setting an average of 16 camera traps per year (min. 4 in 2011 and a max. 26 in 2015). More than 1 000 wolf passages and 3 600 wolf photos were collected during this ...

Amidst the main camps of the "Camp de Boulogne", the one from Montreuil-sur-Mer gathered the three divisions of the left corps commanded by Marshal Ney; in total, eleven infantry regiments. The extent of these camps is surprising, as well as their elongated shape and their regularity. A precise principle rules their organisation: the order of battle. Thus, in observing the cavities left by these camps, it is the infantry on the battlefield – "the soul of the army" said Napoléon – that we observe. In detail, these camps are complex and only the cross examination of the sources can help refine its comprehension. The fine analysis of the organisation rules allows a better understanding of the soldier's condition, which is the other stake of these researches. Trying to grasp the condition of the soldier, during the battle or waiting for it, involves understanding the context from which it stems, the battlefield or the camp. What is a camp? What is this "Camp de Boulogne"? These are two questions this dissertation intends to answer. This cross-questioning necessarily implies a reflection on the military organisation and the campaigns preceding the development of the Camp de Boulogne. Capturing the camp, as a system and in its operation, to capture the men occupying it, young conscripts or veterans of the wars of the French Revolution, those are the two main objectives of this work. The soldier and the camp, such are the two lines of force which dominate the dissertation. We also raise the question of the real efficiency of this camp on the preparation of the victorious troops. ; Parmi les principaux camps du « camp de Boulogne », celui de Montreuil-sur-Mer regroupait les trois divisions du corps de gauche commandé par le maréchal Ney ; au total, onze régiments d'infanterie. Ces camps étonnent par leur étendue, leur forme étirée et leur régularité. Un principe précis présidait à leur organisation : l'ordre de bataille. Ainsi, en observant les traces en creux de ces camps, c'est l'infanterie sur le champ de bataille – ...

Amidst the main camps of the "Camp de Boulogne", the one from Montreuil-sur-Mer gathered the three divisions of the left corps commanded by Marshal Ney; in total, eleven infantry regiments. The extent of these camps is surprising, as well as their elongated shape and their regularity. A precise principle rules their organisation: the order of battle. Thus, in observing the cavities left by these camps, it is the infantry on the battlefield – "the soul of the army" said Napoléon – that we observe. In detail, these camps are complex and only the cross examination of the sources can help refine its comprehension. The fine analysis of the organisation rules allows a better understanding of the soldier's condition, which is the other stake of these researches. Trying to grasp the condition of the soldier, during the battle or waiting for it, involves understanding the context from which it stems, the battlefield or the camp. What is a camp? What is this "Camp de Boulogne"? These are two questions this dissertation intends to answer. This cross-questioning necessarily implies a reflection on the military organisation and the campaigns preceding the development of the Camp de Boulogne. Capturing the camp, as a system and in its operation, to capture the men occupying it, young conscripts or veterans of the wars of the French Revolution, those are the two main objectives of this work. The soldier and the camp, such are the two lines of force which dominate the dissertation. We also raise the question of the real efficiency of this camp on the preparation of the victorious troops. ; Parmi les principaux camps du « camp de Boulogne », celui de Montreuil-sur-Mer regroupait les trois divisions du corps de gauche commandé par le maréchal Ney ; au total, onze régiments d'infanterie. Ces camps étonnent par leur étendue, leur forme étirée et leur régularité. Un principe précis présidait à leur organisation : l'ordre de bataille. Ainsi, en observant les traces en creux de ces camps, c'est l'infanterie sur le champ de bataille – ...

International audience ; Archaeological prospections carried out around the ancient Roman city of Regina, in septentrional edge of the Morena Sierra, allowed the fortuitous discovery of a great Roman military complex of Republican period, probably in relation with the Roman conquest and/or the Lusitanians wars. The proximity of this military camp compared to various possible objectives encourages the authors to analyze the historical but difficult problematic of this zone of Beturia. They are based for that on the archaeological and literary sources, proposing the possible role of Viriathus, the legendary Lusitanian chief. ; Des prospections archéologiques menées autour de l'ancienne ville romaine de Regina, en bordure septentrionale de la Sierra Morena, ont permis la découverte fortuite d'un vaste complexe militaire romain d'époque républicaine, datant vraisemblablement de la conquête et/ou des guerres lusitaniennes. La proximité de ce campement par rapport à divers objectifs possibles incite les auteurs à analyser la difficile problématique historique de cette zone de la Béturie. Ils s'appuient pour cela sur les sources archéologiques et littéraires, mettant en avant le rôle possible du grand chef lusitanien Viriathe.

International audience ; Archaeological prospections carried out around the ancient Roman city of Regina, in septentrional edge of the Morena Sierra, allowed the fortuitous discovery of a great Roman military complex of Republican period, probably in relation with the Roman conquest and/or the Lusitanians wars. The proximity of this military camp compared to various possible objectives encourages the authors to analyze the historical but difficult problematic of this zone of Beturia. They are based for that on the archaeological and literary sources, proposing the possible role of Viriathus, the legendary Lusitanian chief. ; Des prospections archéologiques menées autour de l'ancienne ville romaine de Regina, en bordure septentrionale de la Sierra Morena, ont permis la découverte fortuite d'un vaste complexe militaire romain d'époque républicaine, datant vraisemblablement de la conquête et/ou des guerres lusitaniennes. La proximité de ce campement par rapport à divers objectifs possibles incite les auteurs à analyser la difficile problématique historique de cette zone de la Béturie. Ils s'appuient pour cela sur les sources archéologiques et littéraires, mettant en avant le rôle possible du grand chef lusitanien Viriathe.

International audience ; Archaeological prospections carried out around the ancient Roman city of Regina, in septentrional edge of the Morena Sierra, allowed the fortuitous discovery of a great Roman military complex of Republican period, probably in relation with the Roman conquest and/or the Lusitanians wars. The proximity of this military camp compared to various possible objectives encourages the authors to analyze the historical but difficult problematic of this zone of Beturia. They are based for that on the archaeological and literary sources, proposing the possible role of Viriathus, the legendary Lusitanian chief. ; Des prospections archéologiques menées autour de l'ancienne ville romaine de Regina, en bordure septentrionale de la Sierra Morena, ont permis la découverte fortuite d'un vaste complexe militaire romain d'époque républicaine, datant vraisemblablement de la conquête et/ou des guerres lusitaniennes. La proximité de ce campement par rapport à divers objectifs possibles incite les auteurs à analyser la difficile problématique historique de cette zone de la Béturie. Ils s'appuient pour cela sur les sources archéologiques et littéraires, mettant en avant le rôle possible du grand chef lusitanien Viriathe.